His speeches and radio broadcasts helped inspire British resistance, especially during the difficult days of 1940–41 when the British Commonwealth and Empire stood almost alone in its active opposition to Adolf Hitler. Following the resignation of Neville Chamberlain on, Churchill became Prime Minister. At the outbreak of the Second World War, he was again appointed First Lord of the Admiralty. Out of office during the 1930s Churchill took the lead in warning about Nazi Germany and in campaigning for rearmament. He served as Chancellor of the Exchequer in Baldwin's Conservative government of 1924–1929, controversially returning the pound sterling in 1925 to the gold standard at its pre-war parity, a move widely seen as creating deflationary pressure on the UK economy. He returned to government under Lloyd George as Minister of Munitions, Secretary of State for War, Secretary of State for Air, then Secretary of State for the Colonies.
He then briefly resumed active army service on the Western Front as commander of the 6th Battalion of the Royal Scots Fusiliers. During the WWI, he served as First Lord of the Admiralty until the disastrous Gallipoli Campaign. As a young army officer and war correspondent, he fought campaigns in British India, Sudan, and a Second Boer War.īefore the First World War, he served as a President of the UK Board of Trade, Home Secretary, and First Lord of the Admiralty. His father, Lord Randolph Churchill, was a charismatic politician his mother, Jennie Jerome, was an American socialite. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.Ĭhurchill was born into the family of the Dukes of Marlborough, a branch of the Spencer family.
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